History Chapter Socialism in Europe and Russian Revolution (Summary of the topic taught as on 04/06/2021)
Topics Covered:
February Revolution in Petrograd
Effects of February Revolution in Petrograd
The Revolution of October 1917
Learning Outcomes:
Students will be able to identify the effects of February Revolution of 1917.
Students will be able to identify the events of October Revolution 1917.
Notes:
Effects of February Revolution:
- Restrictions on public meetings and associations were removed.
- Soviets were set up every where.
- In individual areas, factory committees were formed which began questioning the way industrialists ran their factories.
- Soldiers committees were formed in the army.
- The provisional government saw its power declining and Bolshevik influence grow.
- Therefore, it decided to take stern measures against the spreading discontent.
- It resisted attempts by workers to run factories and arrested leaders.
- Peasants and the socialists revolutionary leaders pressed for a redistribution of land.
- Land committees were formed and peasants seized land between July and September 1917
The Revolution of October 1917
Events:
- On 16th October 1917, Lenin persuaded the Petrograd Soviet and Bolshevik Party to agree to a socialist seizure of power.
- A Military Revolutionary Committee was appointed by the Soviet to organise seizure.
- Uprising began on 24th October.
- Prime Minister Kerenskii left the city to summon troops.
- Pro Government troops were sent to take over telephone and telegraph offices and protect the Winter Palace.
- In response, Military Revolutionary Committee ordered to seize government offices and arrest the ministers.
- The Aurora ship shelled the Winter Palace.
- Other ships took over strategic points.
- By night the city had been taken over and ministers had surrendered.
- All Russian Congress of Soviets in Petrograd approved the Bolshevik action.
- By December, the Bolsheviks controlled the Moscow - Petrograd area.
Effects:
- Most industry and banks were nationalised in November 1917.
- The land was declared social property and peasants were allowed to seize the land of the nobility.
- Use of the old titles was banned.
- New uniforms were designed for the army and officials.
- Russia became a one-party state.
- Trade unions were kept under party control.
Content Analysis:
1. Explain the contribution of Lenin to the Russian Revolution. (Tb pg no.36)
2. State any three measures taken by the Provisional Government to suppress the Bolsheviks influence. (Tb pg no.37)
3. Describe the main events of the October Revolution in Russia. (Tb pg no. 38)
H.W. (Please complete Practice Sheet 1 and 2 Resubmission date of the same is 05/06/2021)
